Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38. 

WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR MEMORY

    A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something (34) _______ cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory.

    We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore the US. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle (35) _____ dates.

from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember and (36) ______ on it consciously. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions — the more the better!

    Physical exercise is also important for your memory because it increases your heart rate and sends (37) ________ oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress, which is very bad for the memory.

    The old saying that - eating fish makes your brain may be true after all. Scientists have discovered that the fats found in fish like tuna, sardines, and salmon – (38) __________ in olive oil - help to improve the memory. Vitamin-rich fruits such as oranges, strawberries and red grapes are all good - brain food, too.

(Source: —New Cutting Edge, Cunningham, S. & Moor. 2010. Harlow: Longman)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 48.

Sylvia Earle is an underwater explorer and marine biologist, who was born in the USA in 1935. She became interested in the world's oceans from an early age. As a child, she liked to stand on the beach for hours and look at the sea, wondering that it must be like under the surface. When she was 16, she finally got a chance to make her first dive. It was this dive that inspired her to become an underwater explorer. Since then, she has spent more than 6,500 hours under water, and has led more than seventy expeditions worldwide. She has also made the deepest dive ever, reaching a record-breaking depth of 381 meters.

In 1970, she became famous around the world when she became the captain of the first all-female team to live under water. The team spent two weeks in an underwater "house". The research they carried out showed the damage that pollution was causing to marine life, and specially to coral reefs. Since then she has written several books and magazine articles in which she suggests ways of reducing the damage that is being done to the world's oceans. One way, she believes, is to rely on fish farms for seafood, and reduce the amount of fishing that is done the out at sea.

(Adapted from Complete IELTS by Rawdon Wyatt)

By then, the elite performers had all totaled 10000 hours of practice over the (43) ________of their lives, the merely good students 8000 hours and the future music teachers just over 4000 hours.