Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or Don your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

Ecotourism is a (44)_____ business that many tour operators cite as being helpful to nature. Every year, millions of people descend on protected and pristine natural areas to observe rare species. (45)_____, a new report casts doubt on the value of this form of tourism. In fact, it suggests that ecotourism is more damaging than helpful to nature. Details are in a report published in the journal 'Trends in Ecology and Evolution'. Researchers believe tourists are disrupting animals in their natural habitat. They pointed to a recent event where sea turtles in Costa Rica had problems laying their eggs because of the hordes of tourists (46)_____ had congregated to watch the turtles' nesting habits.

The report says that ecotourism is making animals bolder and that this could (47)_____ the animals. A regular human presence might make animals tamer and less cautious about (48)_____ animals around them, and this could put them at risk of being attacked by their natural threats.

The local clubs are making every _______ to interest more young people.

The vase is not perfect. A few small flaws in its base spoil it.

Unfortunately, the instructions were ambiguous and we didn't know which part of the program to run.

I will know for sure that the book is going to be published _________.

You are not allowed to take the exam paper out of the classroom.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet ti indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

NOT ALL HACKERS ARE THE SAME

As computer use becomes more common, the need for security is more important than ever. One of the greatest security threats in the online world is computer hacking.

Computer hacking is the unauthorized access to a computer or network of computers. Hackers are people who illegally enter systems. They may alter or delete information, steal private information, or spread viruses that can damage or destroy files. But how exactly can a hacker get into a system to do these things?

Most hackers use information called protocols that are built into computer software. These protocols allow computers to interact with one another. Protocols are sort of like computer police officers. When a computer connects to another system, the protocols check to see if the access is valid. The protocols can also determine how much information can be shared between the two systems. Hackers can manipulate the protocols to get unlimited access to a computer system.

In fact, just the act of entering a computer network is considered hacking. This is commonly called passive hacking. Passive hackers get a rush from just being able to access challenging system like a bank or military network. Another kind of hacker tries to do damage to a system. After hacking into systems, these hackers release viruses or alter, delete, or take information. Known as active hackers, they are, by far, the more dangerous of the two.

The easiest way to protect a system is with a good password. Long and unusual passwords are harder for hackers to guess. For even greater security, some online services now use “password-plus” systems. In this case, users first put in a password and then put in a second code that changes after the user accesses the site. Users either have special cards or devices that show them the new code to use the next time. Even if a hacker steals the password, they won’t have the code. Or if the hacker somehow gets the code, they still don’t know the password.