Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

 Just as optical fibers have transformed communication, they are also revolutionizing medicine. These ultra - thin, flexible fibers have opened a window into the living tissues of the body. By inserting optical fibers through natural openings or small incisions and then threading them along the body's established pathways, physicians can look into the lungs, intestines, heart and other areas that were formerly inaccessible to them.

 The basic fiber-optics system is called fiberscope, which consists of two bundles of fibers. One, the illuminating bundle, carries light to the tissues. It is coupled to a high-intensity light source. Light enters the cores of the high-purity silicon glass and travels along the fibers. A lens at the end of the bundle collects the light and focuses it into the other bundle, the imaging bundle. Each fiber in the bundle transmits only a tiny fraction of the total image. The reconstructed image can be viewed through an eyepiece or displayed on a television screen. During the last five years, improved methods of fabricating optical fibers have led to a reduction in fiberscope diameter and an increase in the number of fibers, which in turn has increased resolution.

 Optical fibers can also be used to deliver laser light. By use of laser beams, physicians can perform surgery inside the body, sometimes eliminating the need for invasive procedures in which healthy tissue must be cut through to reach the site of disease. Many of these procedures do not require anesthesia and can be performed in a physician's office. These techniques have reduced the risk and the cost of medical care.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “formerly”?

Mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

When I suggested he was mistaken, John got hot under the collar and stormed out of the room.

The captain is the last person ______ the sinking ship.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

As soon as I _____, I’m going to return to my hometown.

Mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the following exchanges.

Jenny and Kathy are arranging to see a new film.

- Jenny: “Why don’t you come over and see the new film with me?”

- Kathy: “________”

Helen and Sarah are talking about their school’s field trip.

- Helen: “This is the best field trip we’ve ever had”.

- Sarah: “________. Everyone enjoyed it to the fullest.”

Mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

At first, John said he hadn’t broken the vase, but later he accepted it.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction ỉn each of the following questions.

The girl who were injured in the accident is now in hospital.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

The master of ceremonies has a very soft voice. Everyone listens to her attentively whenever she appears on the stage.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

“I am going away tomorrow, mom.”, the son said.

 _____ is not clear to researchers.

Mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

My kids only have a faint memory of our hometown as they have lived away from it for a long time.

If you work hard, you _____ pass the exam.

I hope the new year will bring you _____, health and prosperity.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction ỉn each of the following questions.

The farmer plows the fields, plants the seeds and will harvest the crop.

When Tom _____ yesterday, I _____ the washing up in the kitchen.