Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

      The green building movement, started in the 1970s as a way to reduce environmental destruction, is changing the way buildings are constructed. In the early years, green builders were a small minority, and their goals of reducing the environmental impact of buildings were considered unrealistic. Now, however, the movement is growing, as builders have been able to take advantage of new technology.

      Green builders try to make use of recycled materials, which means less waste in dumps. Also, they reduce environmental impact by reducing the energy requirements of a building. One way is to provide an alternative, non-polluting source of energy. First, with solar panels, it is possible to produce electricity from the rays of the sun. Once installed, they provide energy at no they cost and with no pollution. 

      Another solution is to reduce the amount of energy required in a building. It is possible to cut electricity use noticeably by improving natural lighting and installing low-energy light bulbs. To reduce the amount of fuel needed for heating or cooling, builders also add insulation to the walls so that the building stays warmer in winter and cooler in summer. 

      One example of this advanced design is the Genzyme Center of Cambridge, the most environmentally responsible office building in America. Every aspect of the design and building had to consider two things: the need for a safe and pleasant workplace for employees and the need to lessen the negative environmental impact. 75 percent of the building materials were recycled materials, and the energy use has been reduced by 43 percent and water use by 32 percent, compared with other buildings of the same size. 

      In other parts of the world, several large-scale projects have recently been developed according to green building principles. One of these is in Vauban, Germany, in an area that was once the site of army housing. The site has been completely rebuilt with houses requiring 30 percent less energy than conventional ones. These houses, heated by special non-polluting systems, are also equipped with solar panels. 

      A larger project is under way in China. The first phase of this project will include houses for 400 families built with solar power, non-polluting bricks, and recycled wall insulation. In a second phase, entire neighborhoods in six cities will be built. If all goes well, the Chinese government plans to copy these ideas in new neighborhoods across China. 

      Green building ideas, on a small or large scale, are spreading. Individuals, companies, and governments are beginning to see their benefits. Not only are they environmentally friendly, green buildings improve living and working conditions and also save money in the long run. 

(Adapted from "Advanced Reading Power" by Beatrice S. Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries)

Question 17. The word "they” in paragraph 2 refers to __________.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes the following exchanges.

Question 24. Jenny and Jimmy are talking about university education.

Jenny: "I think having a university degree is the only way to succeed in life."

Jimmy: "___________. There were successful people without a degree."

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions.

Question 9. For environmental safety, we need to find ways to reduce emission of fumes and smoke of factories.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 

Question 1. Their team performed excellent at the elimination tournament. They didn't win trophy.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

REALITY TELEVISION

      Reality television is genre of television programming which, it is claimed), presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situation, documents actual events, and features ordinary rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened” documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. 

      Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki no Tsukai), to surveillance- or voyeurism- focused productions such as Big Brother. 

      Critics say that the term “reality television” is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modifies and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic location or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. 

      Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, traveling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. 

      Some commentators have said that the name “reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word “reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama."

Question 18. In the first line, the writer says “it is claimed” because __________.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 26.

Question 47. True Blood is my favourite TV series, _________ I don't have much time to watch it often.

Question 48. There's a(n) ___________ in the paper about the Reality Television in Viet Nam.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 36.

Question 45. Put all the toys away ___________ someone slips and falls on them.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 33. We might stop here if you don't change your way of speaking.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 30. Jose had a hard time comparing the iPhone to the Samsung phone because to him they were apples and oranges.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes the following exchanges.

Question 23. John: "Do you think that people should protect their cultural identities in the age of globalization?"

Jane: “_____________”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 37. I don't suppose there is anyone there, __________?

Question 42. I have visited ________ Portugal but I have never been to _________ Netherlands.

Question 46. The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were ___________ of teachers.