Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.
Being repeatedly late may just be accidental - or could it show a deeply rooted psychological desire to express your own superiority? when I worked in an office, meetings would often start late, usually because of a certain individual. Then they would overrun and the whole day lost its shape. But the individual was high-ranking and self-important: nobody challenged. So, what are the ethics of lateness?
There’s a psychotherapist called Irvin Yalom who argues that all behaviour reflects psychology. Just as people who like to be on time are motivated by certain deep-seated beliefs, so those who make others wait are acting out an inner agenda, often based on an acute sense of power. There’s famous footage in which Silvio Berlusconi kept Angela Merkel waiting while he made a call on his mobile. It speaks volumes.
But that is when all lateness is in one’s control, what about when your train is cancelled or your flight is delayed or you had to wait longer for the plumber to arrive? In such cases, there’s not a lot of psychology involved. Or is there? Some people will genuinely worry about the impact it will have on those left waiting, while others might secretly enjoy the power of their absence.
The essential fact is that lateness means breaking a convention - you can only be late in respect of a time agreed with other people. Regardless of psychology, it has a social value. And when we treat other people’s time as less valuable than our own, we treat them as inferior.
Question 41. It can be inferred from the reading passage that___________.
Berlusconi made Merkel wait as he wanted to show his importance.
it is fashionable to be late to meetings because nobody challenges.
the writer’s daily schedule was unaffected by his colleague’s lateness.
nothing can be said about one’s psychology if lateness is out of control.
Question 41: Đáp án A
Dịch đề bài: Có thể suy ra từ bài đọc rằng………..
* Hướng dẫn làm bài: Đối với loại câu hỏi suy luận, đọc kĩ 4 đáp án và tìm thông tin hỗ trợ trong bài. Chắc chắn chỉ có một đáp án được thông tin trong bài hỗ trợ, các đáp án còn lại đều sai hoặc không có thông tin trong bài. Lưu ý phải tìm thông tin dựa vào từ khóa, và không dùng kiến thức bản thân để trả lời loại câu hỏi này.
Trích thông tin trong bài:
1/ those who make others wait are acting out an inner agenda, often based on an acute sense of power. There’s famous footage in which Silvio Berlusconi kept Angela Merkel waiting while he made a call on his mobile: những người khiến người khác phải đợi là đang thể hiện một mục tiêu ngầm, thường là dựa trên một cảm giác rất mạnh về quyền lực bản thân. Có những đoạn phim ngắn nổi tiếng ghi lại cách Silvio Berlusconi bắt Angela Merkel phải đợi trong lúc ông ta nghe điện thoại. → thông tin ủng hộ đáp án A, bởi đoạn trích dẫn có hai câu, câu sau nói về việc Berlusconi bắt Merkel đợi chờ như một ví dụ cho giả thiết ở câu trước: những người bắt người khác đợi thường thể hiện quyền lực mạnh mẽ của mình.
2/ When I worked in an office, meetings would often start late, usually because of a certain individual: khi tôi còn làm việc ở văn phòng, các buổi họp thường bắt đầu trễ hơn, thường là bởi vi một cá nhân cụ thể. → thông tin không ủng hộ đáp án C, vì lịch trình làm việc của tác giả bị ảnh hưởng.
3/ In such cases, there’s not a lot of psychology involved. Or is there? Trong những trường hợp này, không có chút biểu hiện tâm lý nào liên quan. Ồ, nhưng có đấy. → không ủng hộ đáp án D.
4/ Đáp án B không có thông tin trong bài.
Vậy, đáp án A được thông tin trong bài ủng hộ, chọn đáp án A.
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