As time went on Chinese emperors connected them together to keep Huns, Mongols and other (29) _____________away.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

It may seem as if the art of music by its nature would not lend itself to the exploration and expression of reality characteristic of Romanticism, but that is not so. True, music does not tell stories or paint pictures, but it stirs feelings and evokes moods, through both of which various kinds of reality can be suggested or expressed. It was in the rationalist 18th century that musicians rather mechanically attempted to reproduce stories and subjects in sound. These literal renderings naturally failed, and the Romanticists profited from the error. Their discovery of new realms of experience proved communicable in the first place because they were in touch with the spirit of renovation, particularly through poetry. What Goethe meant to Beethoven and Berlioz and what German folk tales and contemporary lyricists meant to Weber, Schumann, and Schubert are familiar to all who are acquainted with the music of these men.

There is, of course, no way to demonstrate that Beethoven's Egmont music or, indeed, its overture alone corresponds to Goethe's drama and thereby enlarges the hearer's consciousness of it; but it cannot be an accident or an aberration that the greatest composers of the period employed the resources of their art for the creation of works expressly related to such lyrical and dramatic subjects. Similarly, the love of nature stirred Beethoven, Weber, and Berlioz, and here too the correspondence is felt and persuades the fit listener that his own experience is being expanded. The words of-the creators themselves record this new comprehensiveness. Beethoven referred to his activity of mingled contemplation and composition as dichten, making a poem; and Berlioz tells in his Memoires of the impetus given to his genius by the music of Beethoven and Weber, by the poetry of Goethe and Shakespeare, and not least by the spectacle of nature. Nor did the public that ultimately understood their works gainsay their claims.

It must be added that the Romantic musicians including Chopin, Mendelssohn, Glinka, and Liszt-had at their disposal greatly improved instruments. The beginning of the 19th century produced the modern piano, of greater range and dynamics than ever before, and made all wind instruments more exact and powerful by the use of keys and valves. The modern full orchestra was the result. Berlioz, whose classic treatise on instrumentation and orchestration helped to give it definitive form, was also the first to exploit its resources to the full, in the Symphonic fantastique of 1830. This work, besides its technical significance just mentioned, can also be regarded as uniting the characteristics of Romanticism in music, it is both lyrical and dramatic, and, although it makes use of a "story," that use is not to describe the scenes but to connect them; its slow movement is a "nature poem" in the Beethovenian manner; the second, fourth, and fifth movements include "realistic" detail of the most vivid kind; and the opening one is an introspective reverie.

The word "error" in paragraph 1 refers to_____________.

You feel unhealthy because you don't take any exercise.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.

What's the problem with British teenagers? Many British newspapers and TV programmes are asking this question at the moment. A lot of people are saying that there are problems with teenagers at school, on the streets and in their homes. Why? What, or who, is responsible for these problems? A recent BBC television series explores these questions. It's called 'The world's strictest parents'. Is that because British parents are very strict? Just the opposite, it seems. The director of the programme, Andrea Wiseman, explains why they are making it. She thinks that in the United Kingdom teenagers pay no attention to adults. They don't want to do well at school. They think they can do what they like and they are only interested in new fashions and Hollywood celebrities. Why are British teenagers like this? Wiseman says it's because their parents give their children everything they can. But they give their children no limits, no rules, no discipline because they want their children to be 'free'. They don't tell their children to work hard because they don't want their kids to have any stress. The problem with this is that parents give their sons and daughters no cultural values. When a teenager does something bad and their parents say something, the teenagers immediately say 'My parents are really strict' or 'My parents aren't fair'. So what happens in the TV programme? Some problematic British teenagers go and live with parents in different parts of the world. They live with families that believe in traditional discipline and cultural values. In Ghana, Jamaica, Botswana and the southern us state of Alabama, the teenagers have the experience of living with parents who want and expect good behaviour and hard work. The results are interesting. In the end, the British teenagers seem to prefer having strict parents!

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about British teenagers according to Wiseman?

My brother and I will never get along. We're_____________.

Despite all the interruptions, she_____________with her work.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

It's been five months_____________I last went fishing.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Hung dropped out of university after his first year. Now he regrets it.

"If I were you, I would marry him", she said to me.

Nothing could console him when his wife died.

My father does a lot of exercise. He's still very fat.

The word "celebrities'' in the passage is closest in meaning to_____________.

_____________his good work and manners, he didn't get a promotion.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

All the students were all ears when the teacher started talking about the changes in the next exam.

Nothing can_____________the loss of the child.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

She doesn't know what they are going to ask in the job interview. She will just play it by ear.