Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.

        As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased. The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility. Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society.

        The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies.

        Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were once such population. Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home.

        Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as a consumer rather than a producer. Schools trained women to be consumer homemakers cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others. Subsequent reforms have made these notions seem quite out-of-date.

The word “means” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.

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We decided not to travel, _____ the terrible weather forecast.

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The new supermarket is so much cheaper than the one in John Street. _____, they do free

home deliveries.

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Richard Byrd was ____ first person in history to fly over ____ North Pole.

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Ninety-seven percent of the world’s water are salt water found in the oceans.

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As John _____ enjoyed doing research, he never could imagine himself pursuing other careers.

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The widened _____ will help keep traffic flowing during rush hours.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in thefollowing questions.

She is so attractive. Many boys run after her.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D onyour answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Doctors and nurses of this hospital have worked round the clock to help those injured in the recent earthquake.

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Everyone will tell you that becoming a parent is challenging, but you never really know what that means until you learn about it the _____ way.

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_____ you happen to visit him, give him my best wishes.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D onyour answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of thefollowing questions.

Tim is thinking of leaving his present job because his manager is always getting at him.

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Today, some students tend to _____ the importance of soft skills as they solely focus on academic subjects at school.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Anne is seeing Mary off at the airport.

Anne: “Don’t fail to look after yourself, Mary!”

Marry: “_____”

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Fred Astaire is said to have been the most popular dancer of his time, but he was also a talented actor, a singer, and choreographer.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D onyour answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of thefollowing questions.

You can use a microwave or cook this kind of food in a conventional oven.