Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 45 to 54.

Before the 1500’s, the western plains of North America were dominated by farmers. One group, the Mandans, lived in the upper Missouri River country, primarily in present – day North Dakota. They had large villages of houses built close together. The tight arrangement enabled the Mandans to protect themselves more easily from the attacks of others who might seek to obtain some of the food these highly capable farmers stored from one year to the next.

              The women had primary responsibility for the fields. They had to exercise considerable skill to produce the desired results, for their northern location meant fleeting growing seasons. Winter often lingered; autumn could be ushered in by severe frost. For good measure, during the spring and summer, drought, heat, hail, grasshoppers, and other frustrations might await the wary grower.

              Under such conditions, Mandan women had to grow maize capable of weathering adversity. They began as early as it appeared feasible to do so in the spring, clearing the land, using fire to clear stubble from the fields and then planting. From this point until the first green corn could be harvested, the crop required labor and vigilance.

              Harvesting proceeded in two stages. In August the Mandans picked a smaller amount of the crop before it had matured fully. This green corn was boiled, dried and shelled, with some of the maize slated for immediate consumption and the rest stored in animal – skin bags. Later in the fall, the people picked the rest of the corn. They saved the best of the harvest for seeds or for trade, with the remainder eaten right away or stored for alter use in underground reserves. With appropriate banking of the extra food, the Mandans protected themselves against the disaster of crop failure and accompany hunger.

              The woman planted another staple, squash, about the first of June, and harvested it near the time of the green corn harvest. After they picked it, they sliced it, dried it, and strung the slices before they stored them. Once again, they saved the seeds from the best of the year’s crop. The Mandans also grew sunflowers and tobacco; the latter was the particular task of the older men

Why does the author believe that the Mandans were skilled farmers?

Kate: “ How lovely your cats are!” - David: “ ____________”

Mary asked me whether I _________ the football match on TV the day before

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

My mother does responsibility for the household chores in my family

I can't imagine _________ anywhere except here

Professor Smith was very interested in the diversity of cultures all over the world

The boy __________ went to the hospital to ask for doctor's help

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Not longer are contributions to the advancement of industry made primarily by individuals

_________ is the existence of a large number of different kinds of animals and plants which make a balanced environment

It is generally believed that “Men build the ________ and women make it home

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 35 to 44.

Environmental Concerns

              Earth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life. (35) _____ human activities are making the planet less fit to live on. As the western world (36) _____ on consuming two-thirds of the world's resources while half of the world's population do so just to stay alive we are rapidly destroying the (37) _____ resource we have by which all people can survive and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is (38) _____ built on or washed into the sea. Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never be able to recover (39) _____. We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any thought of the consequences. As a (40) _____ the planet's ability to support people is being reduced at the very time when rising human numbers and consumption are (41) _____ increasingly heavy demands on it.

              The Earth's (42) _____ resources are there for us to use. We need food, water, air, energy, medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to (43) _____ us fed, comfortable, healthy and active. If we are sensible in how we use the resources, they will (44) _____ indefinitely. But if we use them wastefully and excessively, they will soon run out and everyone will suffer.Question 42

She ran ________ an interesting article about fashion while she was reading the newspaper.

____________ the phone rang later that night did Tom remember the appointment

It’s essential that every student ________ all the lectures

Dick: “I enjoyed myself so much at your birthday party.”- Patrice: “ _________. ”

Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE  in meaning to the underlined words in each of the following sentences.

That is a well-behaved boy whose behaviour has nothing to complain about