Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 55 to 64. Fill in the appropriate word in question 56

The UK Government ensures that all schools in the UK(55)_______ certain standards, and this includes independent schools as well as those that are  (56)_______ by the Government. All qualifications are awarded by national agencies accredited by the Qualification and Curriculum Authority (QCA), (57)_______ the quality of the qualifications you will gain is guaranteed.

At many independent schools inEngland, you will be encouraged to take part (58)_______ extracurricular activities to develop your hobbies and learn new skills, and you may be encouraged to take graded music exams (59)_______ by the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music. The exam grades gained from these are widely accepted toward university entry  (60)_______ .

Independent schools do not usually offer vocationally focused qualifications but if you are (61)_______ in these qualifications, you can find out more in the 'career-based and pre-university qualifications' section.

`      The (62)_______ you pay to attend independent school, include your course fees, accommodation and may include some or all extracurricular activities. Fees (63)_______ from school to school and are at the discretion of the institution; there are no national standards. You should expect to pay a minimum of £8,000 per year and fees can be (64)_______ high as £25,000.

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Sharks can detect (A) minute electrical (B) discharges coming (C) from its prey. (D)

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The 1923 earthquake in Japan killed about 200,000 people and left countless wounded and homeless.

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He was one of the most outstanding performers at the live show last night

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Mold is extremely (A) destruction (B) to books (C) in  a library. (D)

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The Red Cross gives medical aid and other help to victims of major disasters such as floods, earthquakes, epidemics and famines.

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The disappearance of one or several species may result in the loss of ___.

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Ceramic can be harder, light (A), and more resistant (B) to heat (C) than metals. (D)

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He wanted to know where _____.

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What university will you take an _____ examination into?

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Childbearing is the women’s most wonderful role.

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It seems impossible to ____ terrorism in the world.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

      Most people can remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds. When this short amount of time elapses, however, the numbers are erased from the memory. How did the information get there in the first place? Information that makes its way to the short term memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The brain has a filter which only allows stimuli that is of immediate interest to pass on to the STM, also known as the working memory.

      There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short term memory. The most accepted theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist who suggested that humans can remember approximately seven chunks of information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the short term memory by chunking, or classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long term storage.

          When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for an exam, many people engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear.

          When a pen and paper are not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short term to long term memory. A better way is to practice "elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long term memories.

      Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall memories that are stored in the long term memory and used often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting.

          The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorization.

The word “it” in the last paragraph refers to______.

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A: “I regret ____ so much trouble.”  - B: “Well. Let’s forget all about that.”

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Mary cannot afford tuition ____ for studying abroad.

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She won the award for ____ her whole life to looking after the poor.