Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.
Urbanization programmes are being carried out in many parts of the world, especially in densely (26) ________ regions with limited land and resources. It is the natural outcome of economic development and industrialization. It has brought a lot of benefits to our society. However, it also (27) ________ various problems for local authorities and town planners in the process of maintaining sustainable urbanization, especially in developing countries.
When too many people cram into a small area, urban infrastructure can't be effective. There will be a (28) ________ of livable housing, energy and water supply. This will create overcrowded urban districts with no proper facilities. Currently, fast urbanization is taking place predominantly in developing countries where sustainable urbanization has little relevance to people's lives. Their houses are just shabby slums with poor sanitation. Their children only manage to get basic education. Hence, the struggle for (29) ________ is their first priority rather than anything else. Only when the quality of their existence is improved, can they seek (30) ________ other high values in their life.
Điền vào ô 27
A. poses
B. offers
C. leads
D. imposes
Kiến thức: Sự kết hợp từ
Giải thích:
pose (v): tạo ra, gây ra một vấn đề,… cần được giải quyết
offer (v): tạo cơ hội, sẵn sàng làm điều gì cho ai
lead (v): chỉ đường (lead to: gây ra cái gì)
impose (v): đưa ra/ áp đặt một đạo luật, thuế, …
pose problem: gây ra vấn đề
However, it also (27) poses various problems for local authorities and town planners in the process of maintaining sustainable urbanization, especially in developing countries.
Tạm dịch: Tuy nhiên, nó cũng đặt ra nhiều vấn đề khác nhau cho chính quyền địa phương và các nhà quy hoạch thị trấn trong quá trình duy trì đô thị hóa bền vững, đặc biệt là ở các nước đang phát triển.
Chọn A
Dịch bài đọc:
Các chương trình đô thị hóa đang được thực hiện ở nhiều nơi trên thế giới, đặc biệt là ở các khu vực đông dân cư mà có đất đai và tài nguyên hạn chế. Đó là kết quả tự nhiên của sự phát triển kinh tế và công nghiệp hóa. Nó đã mang lại rất nhiều lợi ích cho xã hội của chúng ta. Tuy nhiên, nó cũng đặt ra nhiều vấn đề khác nhau cho chính quyền địa phương và các nhà quy hoạch thị trấn trong quá trình duy trì đô thị hóa bền vững, đặc biệt là ở các nước đang phát triển.
Khi quá nhiều người chen chúc vào một khu vực nhỏ, cơ sở hạ tầng đô thị không thể hoạt động hiệu quả. Sẽ xảy ra sự thiếu hụt nhà ở, nguồn cung cấp năng lượng và nước. Điều này sẽ tạo ra các quận đô thị quá đông đúc mà không có cơ sở vật chất thích hợp. Hiện nay, quá trình đô thị hóa nhanh đang diễn ra chủ yếu ở các nước đang phát triển nơi đô thị hóa bền vững ít liên quan đến cuộc sống của người dân. Những căn nhà của họ chỉ là những khu ổ chuột tồi tàn với điều kiện vệ sinh kém. Con cái của họ chỉ có được giáo dục cơ bản. Do đó, cuộc đấu tranh sinh tồn là ưu tiên hàng đầu của họ hơn là bất cứ điều gì khác. Chỉ khi chất lượng của sự tồn tại của họ được cải thiện, họ mới có thể tìm kiếm những giá trị khác cao hơn trong cuộc sống của mình.
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