Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.

Imagine you are buying an apple in a supermarket. Which do you choose, one with a small brown mark, or one without? Be honest - you'd go for the apple (26) looks perfect. Supermarkets do this too, but on a much larger scale when buying fruit and vegetables from farmers. And what (27) of the ones with marks on them? They are thrown away. So are the ones that are a funny shape or size.

(28) reason for waste is that people buy more food than they can eat and supermarkets do everything they can to encourage this, for example with offers like “Buy one, get one free”. Developed countries waste about 650 million tons of food each year and so do developing countries. (29), the waste happens for very different reasons. As the world's population grows, this problem will only (30), so we need to take action urgently.

(Adapted from Navigate)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 48.

Sylvia Earle is an underwater explorer and marine biologist, who was born in the USA in 1935. She became interested in the world's oceans from an early age. As a child, she liked to stand on the beach for hours and look at the sea, wondering that it must be like under the surface. When she was 16, she finally got a chance to make her first dive. It was this dive that inspired her to become an underwater explorer. Since then, she has spent more than 6,500 hours under water, and has led more than seventy expeditions worldwide. She has also made the deepest dive ever, reaching a record-breaking depth of 381 meters.

In 1970, she became famous around the world when she became the captain of the first all-female team to live under water. The team spent two weeks in an underwater "house". The research they carried out showed the damage that pollution was causing to marine life, and specially to coral reefs. Since then she has written several books and magazine articles in which she suggests ways of reducing the damage that is being done to the world's oceans. One way, she believes, is to rely on fish farms for seafood, and reduce the amount of fishing that is done the out at sea.

(Adapted from Complete IELTS by Rawdon Wyatt)

By then, the elite performers had all totaled 10000 hours of practice over the (43) ________of their lives, the merely good students 8000 hours and the future music teachers just over 4000 hours.