To calculate the temperatures, a scientist at the University of Illinois and his fellow workers built a model for the climate of (13) __________, focusing on changing temperatures and humidity in urban areas.

It is essential that the customers spend much money in the company's new products.

Before taking the next step in their careers, the students _________ used to taking responsibility if something went wrong. 

Identify ONE underlined wort phrase A, B, C or D that must be changed to make the sentence correct. Then write the correct answer on the answer sheet. 

Choose the option A, B, C or D to answer the following questions based on the information provided in the text. Then write the correct answer on the answer sheet.

People from different cultures have different space requirements. For example, South Americans and Middle Easterners stand closer when they talk or sit together than North Americans or Asians.

In the United States, people need to have greater distances between them physically than people in many other cultures. Although Americans are often more affectionate and more likely to touch people they know, they have a great need for privacy, especially in the presence of strangers. For example, when Americans enter a bus, doctor’s office, or waiting room, they sit at least one chair away from the nearest person if possible. Conversation distance with superiors or those they don't know well is about 3 to 4 feet. However, intimate conversations may be held as close as 1.5 feet apart. Because Americans feel uncomfortable if someone stands closer, they will naturally move away. Should this happen, don’t be offended. Your listener is merely stepping back to his or her normal conversational distance. 

(Adapted from “Cultures in the modern world') 

Choose the option A, B, C or D which is the SYNONYM of the underlined words.  Then write the correct answer on the answer sheet. 

Currently, fast urbanization in developing countries is causing various problems _____ overpopulation, lack of housing and supplies, etc.

Choose one option A, B, C or D which has different stress from the others.

Choose the option A, B, C or D which has different sound or stress. Then write the correct answer on the answer sheet. 

What does the word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?

Choose A, B, C or D which is the ANTONYM of the underlined words. Then write the correct answer on the answer sheet. 

Women used to paying high price to prove that they were equal to men.