Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

A NEW CAPITAL

When the new state of Pakistan was founded in 1947, Karachi acted as the capital city. However, it was difficult for Karachi to remain in this role due to a number of drawbacks such as the climate and the state of the existing buildings. Rather than try to overcome these drawbacks, the government decided to create a new capital city. In 1959, a commission was established to investigate the possible locations of this new city. The advisor appointed to the commission was Dr Doxiadis, a famous architect and city planner.

Dr Doxiadis and his colleagues looked at the various locations. They then produced a report suggesting two possible areas: one just outside Karachi and the other to the north of Rawalpindi. Both locations had advantages as well as disadvantages. Which site was it to be?

The choice between these two options was made after consideration of many factors, such as transportation, the availabilities of water, economic factors, and factors of national interest. Finally, the site north of Rawalpindi was chosen and on the 24th February 1960, the new capital was given the name of ‘Islamabad’ and a master plan was drawn up. This master plan divided the area into three different sections: Islamabad itself, neighbouring Rawalpindi, and the national park.

Each of these three sections had a different role. Islamabad would act as the national's capital and would serve its administrative and cultural needs, whereas Rawalpindi would remain the regional centre with industry and commerce. The third piece of the plan, the national park, was planned to provide space for education, recreation, and agriculture.

Today Islamabad is a thriving city of about 1 million people. It offers a healthy a pollution-free atmosphere, plenty of water, and many green spaces. Guide tree-lined streets, elegant public buildings, and well-organised bazaars and shopping centres. The new capital is a superb example of good urban planning.

Why was a commission founded in 1959?

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 10:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 9:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 8:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 7:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 6:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 5:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 4:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 3:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 2:

Listen to John Keith, a fitness instructor, talking about four types of physical activity. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with ONE word for each blank. Your browser does not support the audio element.

My name’s John Keith and I’ve been a fitness instructor for more than ten years. Today I’d like to talk about the precautions we all need to take when doing different types of physical activity. Aerobic exercise seem very simple and easy to do. However, studies have shown that if you do your(1)_________outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid. This can lead to heat stroke. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pase regularly to drink more. You should also exercise early in the(2)________when it’s not too hot. Next is simming. It’s very important to be safe in the water. Swimming pools may look safe, but you should always(3)________the pool water before jumping in. Cold water can make your blood pressure and heart rate go(4)_______. Make sure you have warmed up your boby by stretching or jumping. Don’t swim in bad weather, especially in the rivers, lakes or the sea. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious(5)_______or death.

Now, how about yoga? This exercise may look easy and suitable for people of all(6)_____. However, if it’s not done properly, it can do more(7)_______than good. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice. This will relax your(8)____and prevent any dammage to your joints.__________ The last type of physical activity is fitness(9)_______. First, you need good(10)______to keep you comfortable and pain-free. Next, when yo walk, don’t look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain. Finally, remember to bring water with you and drink at least 150ml for every 15 minutes of walking. That’s all from me for today. Hope you find these safety precautions useful. Thanks for listening.

Question 1: