Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

     Glaciers are large masses of ice on land that show evidence of past or present movement. They grow by the gradual transformation of snow into glacier ice. A fresh snowfall is a fluffy mass of loosely packed snowflakes, small delicate ice crystals grown in the atmosphere. As the snow ages on the ground for weeks or months, the crystals shrink and become more compact to form firm, a much whole mass becomes squeezed together into a more dense form, granular snow. As new snow falls and buries the older snow, the layers of granular snow further compact to form firm, a much denser kind of snow, usually a year or more old, which has little pore space. Further burial and slow cementation- a process by which crystals become bound together in a mosaic of intergrown ice crystals- finally produce solid glacial ice. In this process of recrystallization, the growth of new crystals at the expense of old ones, the percentage of air is reduced from about 90 percent for snowflakes to less than 20 percent for glacier ice. The whole process may take as little as a few years, but more likely ten or twenty years or longer. The snow is usually many meters deep by the time the lower layers are converted into ice. 

            In cold glaciers those formed in the coldest regions of the Earth, the entire mass of ice is at temperatures below the melting point and no free water exists. In temperate glaciers, the ice is at the melting point at every pressure level within the glaciers, and free water is present as small drops or as larger accumulations, in tunnels within or beneath the ice. Formation of a glacier is complete when ice has accumulated to a thickness (and thus weight) sufficient to make it move slowly under pressure, in much the same way that solid rock deep within the Earth can change shape without breaking. Once that point is reached, the ice flows downhill, either as a tongue of ice filling a valley or as thick ice cap that flows out in directions from the highest central area where the most snow accumulates. The up down leads to the eventual melting of ice

Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

People believed that the boys started the fire

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes the following exchanges

- Johin: "I'll drive you home if you don't mind. I've got something to do in your area.

                            - Mary: “__________”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes the following exchanges

Jimmy: "Can I try your new camera?" 

                     - Dave: “___________”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the three in pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions

After some years of setting up the business, they are now left high and dry and have to make employees redundant

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The feuding families have been ________ enemies for years

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Robert is being kept in an isolation Ward because he is highly _________.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Mass advertising is employed when person-to-person selling is impractical, impossible or simply inefficiency

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Next summer, we'd like to ________ an Italian course in Perugia

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The sky was full _________ brightly coloured fireworks

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I wasn't happy with the way my career was going so I decided to _________ and look for another job

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Peter ________ my best friend since we were nine

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The landlord requested that John _________ out of the apartment.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The college principal promised _________ into the matter

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.