Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.

Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders.” It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.

Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a  social group. Group members look into instrumental leaders to “get things done.” Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s member. Expressive leader are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members.

Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of  the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a mote distant respect.

The word “them” in line 18 refers to_________

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction  in each of the following questions

A mosquito (A) is filled with blood (B) is carrying (C) twice its own body (D) weight

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction  in each of the following questions

Employees (A) who haven't seen the new regulations often (B) ask for unnecessary questions; (C) instead they should ask for a copy of the regulations and (D) read them

Down into the cave_________

 – “If only I hadn’t said that to her.”   – “_________”

I left at 5.30,_________they were still arguing

He was happy to find the kind of job_________

I was surprised to receive a_________puppy for my birthday

It was going to be a surprise party, until Todd let_________out of the bag

The scheme sounds excellent in theory, but it’s totally_________in a country like this

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction  in each of the following questions

Our nervous system has over ten (A) billions (B) nerve cells in a network covering (C) every inch of our skin and (D) organs

Just before closing, the barman asked the customers to drink_________

When the burglar caught sight of the policeman, he dropped the stolen jewels and_________

Mr. Thomson was obliged to pay damages to his neighbours in_________for the devastations his pet dogs made in their garden

I really must_________these trousers because I want to wear them in the morning

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase for each of the blanks.

Feminism,  collective  term  for  systems  of  belief  and  theories  that  pay special  (24)_________to women’s rights and women’s position in culture and society. The term tends to be used for the women’s rights movement, which began in the late 18th century and continues to campaign for complete political, social,  and economic equality between  women and men. This    article (25)_________specifically with the development of the ideas behind that movement and their (26)_________and impact.

Feminists are united by the idea that women’s position in society is unequal to (27)_________of men, and that society is structured in such a way as to benefit men to the political, social, economic (28) _________of  women.  However,  feminists  have  used  different  theories  to  explain  these  (29)_________and  have advocated different ways of redressing inequalities, and there are marked geographic and historical  variations in the nature of feminism.

Historically, feminist thought and activity can be divided into two waves. The first wave, which began in about 1800   and (30)_________until the 1930s, was largely concerned with gaining equal rights between women and men. The second wave, which began in the late 1960s, has continued to fight for (31)_________but  has  also  developed a (32)_________of  theories  and  approaches  that  stress the difference between women and men and that draw attention to the (33)_________needs of women.Question 24