Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

The word “they” in paragraph 1 refers to ____________.

According to the passage, all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced the growth of southern cities EXCEPT the ____________.

According to the passage, early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline of North America due to ____________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

          The principle difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.

          In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.

          This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have it front on a water highway.

          When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning and weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).

By doing this, you are helping to lay the (19) ____________ for a stronger community and society.

What makes a family strong is not just (18) ____________ of people in it, whether its members are related, or their pace of life; people caring for one another and sharing their lives is what really matters.

Perhaps you know of a family (16) ____________ there is equal decision making among family members.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 15 to 19.

          Each family forms its own set of values and decides what is most important to them. Discipline also varies among families. Families have different ways of dealing with different issues. In some families, one or both parents make all the decisions with no (15) ____________ from the children, while other families may encourage input from all family members before decisions are made. Perhaps you know of a family (16) ____________ there is equal decision making among family members.

          There is no one family style for everyone. A family’s style develops based on each family’s individual situation and the values they care about. (17) ____________, your family may be laid-back, while another family is very active and hurried. Many different ways of living together can work. What makes a family strong is not just (18) ____________ of people in it, whether its members are related, or their pace of life; people caring for one another and sharing their lives is what really matters.

          Many families also share faiths such as religious activities with one another. As a Scout, part of your duty is to do your best to make your family strong and help your family thrive. By doing this, you are helping to lay the (19) ____________ for a stronger community and society.

Many people think that Steve stole the money.

“You didn’t lock the door this morning as I found the keys on the table when I got home!” the woman told her son.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Tom: “Who’s going to win the contest?” – Jerry: “____________.”

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.

The delivery of gas cylinders will be allowed only if it is contained in an appropriate device.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

What does the word “her” in the last paragraph refer to?

As mentioned in the third paragraph, it’s so moving if a man ____________.

Which of the following does NOT express a secret message for the female receiver during the Victorian Era?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

          Women often complain that the men in their lives are not romantic enough. But men sometimes have trouble expressing their feelings, often resorting to cheesy Hallmark cards or pricey bejeweled baubles to do the job for them. But there is a far better way to be romantic and it doesn’t involve spending a fortune or even opening your mouth.

          In the days before courting consisted of hanging our and getting drinks, courting was a formal and dignified endeavor. Symbols were used to express feelings and thoughts deemed too special for mere words. During the Victorian Era, a whole romantic language developed around the giving and receiving of flowers. Everything from the type and size of the flower to the way it was held or presented conveyed layers of meaning and communicated a gentleman’s feelings and intentions. Each bouquet contained a secret message for a lady to eagerly interpret and endlessly dissect.

          These days giving flowers has become a somewhat ho-hum cliché. Resurrecting this Victorian tradition will infuse the gesture with new life and romance and bring back some of the subtly, mystery, and fun of courtship. Your lady will swoon that you put far more thought into your selection of flowers than grabbing a bouquet out of the case at Wal-Mart. You’ll come off as a real gentleman and a hopeless romantic. It can become an amazing tradition you’ll both enjoy. Seriously, women eat this stuff up.

          Of course, even women nowadays have forgotten the meanings of flowers. So by your lady a flower dictionary. And keep a copy for yourself (it’s important that you both use the same reference, as the meanings were never set in stone and can sometimes vary from book to book). Then, each time you present her with a bouquet, she can search the volume to find what secret messages you have embedded in the flowers.

(Source: www.artofmanliness.com)

My two children were full of beans today, looking forward to their trip.

The sales clerk was totally bewildered by the customer’s behavior.

"The King's 24 Violins" is mentioned to illustrate _______________

According to the passage, early violins were different from modern violins in that early violins

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet correct answer to the following questions. 

   Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident. The proportions of the instrument are determined almost entirely by acoustical considerations. Its simplicity of appearance is deceptive. About 70 parts are involved in the construction of a violin. Its tone and its outstanding range of expressiveness make it an ideal solo instrument. No less important, however, is its role as an orchestral and chamber instrument.  In combination with the ger and deep sounding members of the same family, the violins form the nucleus of the modern symphony orchestra. 

   The violin has been in existence since about 1550. Its importance as an instrument in its own right dates from the early 1600's, when it first became standard in Italian opera orchestras. Its stature as an orchestral instrument was raised further when in 1626 Louis XIII of France established at his court the orchestra known as Les vinq quatre violons du Roy (The King's 24 Violins), which was to become widely famous later in the century. 

   In its early history, the violin had a dull and rather quiet tone resulting from the fact that the strings were think and were attached to the body of the instrument very loosely. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century, exciting technical changes were inspired by such composer-violinists as Vivaldi and Tartini. Their instrumental compositions demanded a fuller, clearer, and more brilliant tone that was produced by using thinner strings and a far higher string tension. Small changes had to be made to the violin's internal structure and to the fingerboard so that they could withstand the extra strain. Accordingly, a higher standard of performance was achieved, in terms of both facility and interpretation. Left-hand technique was considerably elaborated, and new fingering patterns on the fingerboard were developed for very high notes.