_____ summer flash floods, all the crops in my small village were totally destroyed.

_____ summer flash floods, all the crops in my small village were totally destroyed.

My mother told me to carry a very_________ suitcase for my first field trip.

Few people can do creative work unless they are in the right_____ of mind.

If ________ every day, these plants will grow quickly.

The covid-19 pandemic brought widespread________ to the global supply chain.

The _________ heatwave is causing many problems to the farming community; crops are dying and demand cannot be met.

Some younger people nowadays tend to be indifferent _______ burning environmental problems.

The more time you spend on social media,________ you feel.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.

In most discussions of cultural diversity, attention has focused on visible, explicit aspects of culture, such as language, dress, food, religion, music, and social rituals. Although they are important, these visible expressions of culture, which are taught deliberately and learned consciously, are only the tip of the iceberg or culture. Much of culture is taught and learned implicitly, or outside awareness. Thus, neither cultural insiders nor cultural outsiders are aware that certain "invisible" aspects of their culture exist.

Invisible elements of culture are important to us. For example, how long we can be late before being impolite, what topics we should avoid in a conversation, how we show interest or attention through listening behavior, what we consider beautiful or ugly. These are all aspects of culture that we learn and use without being aware of it. When we meet other people whose invisible cultural assumptions differ from those we have learned implicitly, we usually do not recognize their behavior as cultural in origin.

Differences in invisible culture can cause problems in cross-cultural relations. Conflicts may arise when we are unable to recognize others’ behavioral differences as cultural rather than personal. We tend to misinterpret other people's behavior, blame them, or judge their intentions or competence without realizing that we are experiencing cultural rather than individual differences.

Formal organizations and institutions, such as schools, hospitals, workplaces, governments, and the legal system are collection sites for invisible cultural differences. If the differences were more visible, we might have less misunderstanding. For example, if we met a man in a courthouse who was wearing exotic clothes, speaking a language other than ours, and carrying food that looked strange, we would not assume that we understood his thoughts and feelings or that he understood ours. Yet when such a man is dressed similarly to us, speaks our language, and does not differ from us in other obvious ways, we may fail to recognize the invisible cultural differences between us. As a result, mutual misunderstanding may arise.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress in each of the following questions.

Hana and Lily are discussing the role of robots in the workplace.

Hana: "The appearance of robots at the workplace means increasing unemployment."

Lily: "_________. Employees can still be retrained to adapt to a new environment."

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

The whole country is up in arms about the new tax the government has imposed on books.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

The word ‘it’ in paragraph 2 refers to _______.

According to the passage, which of the following has olive oil NOT been used for?

The word ‘civilisations’ in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

They point out that Internet banking did not result in the closure of its high-street branches as was predicted.

Last week, Mark tells me that he got very bored with his present job and was looking for a new one.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

The mayor was very angry with a few locals because they tried to heckle him throughout his speech.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions.

What does the word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?

Choose the option A, B, C or D to answer the following questions based on the information provided in the text. Then write the correct answer on the answer sheet.

People from different cultures have different space requirements. For example, South Americans and Middle Easterners stand closer when they talk or sit together than North Americans or Asians.

In the United States, people need to have greater distances between them physically than people in many other cultures. Although Americans are often more affectionate and more likely to touch people they know, they have a great need for privacy, especially in the presence of strangers. For example, when Americans enter a bus, doctor’s office, or waiting room, they sit at least one chair away from the nearest person if possible. Conversation distance with superiors or those they don't know well is about 3 to 4 feet. However, intimate conversations may be held as close as 1.5 feet apart. Because Americans feel uncomfortable if someone stands closer, they will naturally move away. Should this happen, don’t be offended. Your listener is merely stepping back to his or her normal conversational distance. 

(Adapted from “Cultures in the modern world')